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On the contrary, calcium ionophores induced NETosis are NOX independent and rely on mtROS

Although 2-deoxy-d-glucose monotherapy has partial efficacy in improving disease in lupus-prone mice, when combined with metformin, a mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I inhibitor, it leads to normalization of T cell metabolism and reversal of disease activity ( Although many reports have shown that some metabolic pathways involving amino acids including glutamine, tryptophan, and cysteine can serve as therapeutic targets in lupus-prone mice, the tentative therapeutic targeting of metabolic pathways of other amino acids remains unclear

These may include: Retinoids (which come from Vitamin A) Salicylic acid Essential oils (particularly rosemary and clary sage)

Importantly, the differentiation medium used during the co-culture (but not prior to that) was prepared with a homemade version of B-27 supplement with 100-fold lower bovine serum albumin (BSA) compared to the original recipe described by the Hanna Lab, Weizmann Institute of Science ( accessed in March 2023)