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The current study estimates ENDS general substitution effect to be 1.41.5 packs per capita for every per-capita ENDS unit

While the ingredients of the actual candies are not dangerous in any way, the social implications and the connection with real cigarettes have been proven to increase the risk of cigarette addiction

In 2010, tobacco industries were prohibited by the FDA from advertising reduced exposure, such as light and low, on packaging under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act

Data collection An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on participants baseline data, such as occupation, age, number of years of smoking, frequency, and type of tobacco smoking