Risk factors that increase your chance of getting pneumonia include: Chronic lung disease (COPD, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis) Cigarette smoking Dementia, stroke, brain injury, cerebral palsy, or other brain disorders Immune system problem (during cancer treatment, or due to HIV/AIDS, organ transplant, or other diseases) Other serious illnesses, such as heart disease, liver cirrhosis, or diabetes Recent surgery or trauma Surgery to treat cancer of the mouth, throat, or neck Symptoms The most common symptoms of pneumonia are: Cough (with some pneumonias you may cough up greenish or yellow mucus, or even bloody mucus) Fever, which may be mild or high Shaking chills Shortness of breath (may only occur when you climb stairs or exert yourself) Other symptoms include: Confusion, especially in older people Excess sweating and clammy skin Headache Loss of appetite, low energy, and fatigue Malaise (not feeling well) Sharp or stabbing chest pain that gets worse when you breathe deeply or cough White nail syndrome, or leukonychia Exams and Tests Your health care provider will listen for crackles or abnormal breath sounds when listening to your chest with a stethoscope
For example, some older people have a less sensitive send of smell
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