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Its hard to separate the two, isnt it?

Researchers in each study may use different methods or study different groups of people

While pipe tobacco often has a higher nicotine content than cigarette tobacco, pipe smokers typically absorb less nicotine than cigarette smokers due to different smoking techniques

Azmy Faisal It was surprising to see among healthy young adults that vapers who had never smoked show similar vascular dysfunction, exercise intolerance and increased breathing and leg discomfort during exercise as tobacco smokers, Azmy Faisal, PhD, FHEA, senior lecturer in cardiorespiratory physiology in the department of sport and exercise sciences at Manchester Metropolitan University, told Healio