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doi: 10.1128/aac.02136-19 15 (2017)

Specifically, the process comprises sequentially synthesizing racemic 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyronitrile and racemic 4-chloro-3-hydroxy butyric acid alkyl ester under specific reaction conditions, using racemic epichlorohydrin as a starting material, preparing (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxy butyric acid alkyl ester from stereoselective hydrolysis of the racemic 4-chloro-3-hydroxy butyric acid alkyl ester using an enzyme, and preparing L-carnitine or acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride from the (R)-4-chloro-3-hydroxy butyric acid alkyl ester, according to the known method

They compete to adhere to the mucosal epithelium, thereby strengthening the barrier, increasing its IgA and antimicrobial substance turnover to improve immunity

The aim is to boost the production of new reduced forms of glutathione to help fight off oxidative stress inside the cells