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Migraine: The recommended starting dose is 500 mg/day for 1 week, thereafter increasing to 1,000 mg/day (2.3) Dosage Forms and Strengths Tablets : 250 mg (3) Contraindications Hepatic disease or significant hepatic dysfunction (4, 5.1) Known mitochondrial disorders caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA polymerase (POLG) (4, 5.1) Suspected POLG-related disorder in children under two years of age (4, 5.1) Known hypersensitivity to the drug (4, 5.12) Urea cycle disorders (4, 5.6) Prophylaxis of migraine headaches: Pregnant women, women of childbearing potential not using effective contraception (4, 8.1) Warnings and Precautions Birth defects, decreased IQ, and neurodevelopmental disorders following in utero exposure: Should not be used to treat women with epilepsy or bipolar disorder who are pregnant or who plan to become pregnant or to treat a woman of childbearing potential unless other medications have failed to provide adequate symptom control or are otherwise unacceptable (5.2, 5.3, 5.4) Pancreatitis: Divalproex sodium extended-release tablets should ordinarily be discontinued (5.5) Suicidal behavior or ideation: Antiepileptic drugs, including divalproex sodium extended-release tablets, increase the risk of suicidal thoughts or behavior (5.7) Bleeding and other hematopoietic disorders: Monitor platelet counts and coagulation tests (5.8) Hyperammonemia and hyperammonemic encephalopathy: Measure ammonia level if unexplained lethargy and vomiting or changes in mental status, and also with concomitant topiramate use

The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) projects that the global number of people with diabetes will reach 693 million by 2045 (Ma et al., 2022)