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Mitochondrial thiols in the regulation of cell death pathways

To monitor the GFP, a 488-nm excitation diode laser was used with an emission filter from 510 to 565 nm

5.3 Ferroptosis exacerbates bone and cartilage damage in RA In addition to synovial inflammation, progressive bone and cartilage destruction is another catastrophic pathological change in RA

Across different contexts, a conserved immune-metabolic pattern has emerged: inflammatory/M1-like macrophages preferentially retain iron and are characterized by elevated ferritin and reduced FPN-mediated export reinforced by cytokine-driven hepcidin, whereas alternatively activated/M2-like macrophages adopt an iron-release phenotype, with higher FPN and related programs that increase extracellular iron availability [84,85]