l-carnitine tmao nature medicine 2013 koeth Gut microbiota derived metabolites in cardiovascular health and disease | Protein & Cell γ–Butyrobetaine is a pro-atherogenic intermediate

Butyrobetaine is a pro atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L carnitine to TMAO PMC Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery Microbiome Springer Nature Link Gut Derived Metabolite, Trimethylamine N oxide (TMAO) in Cardio Metabolic Diseases: Detection, Mechanism, and Potential Therapeutics Unraveling the Formation Mechanisms of Trimethylamine N Oxide and Its Inhibition by Food Ingredients: Toward Cardioprotective Food Development Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

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