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**BPC-157, a synthetic gastric pentadecapeptide studied primarily in animal models for tissue repair, gut healing, and anti-inflammatory effects, remains unapproved by the FDA as a finished drug with only limited small-scale human data available.** It was placed in Category 2 in 2023 due to concerns over immunogenicity, peptide impurities, and insufficient safety information for compounding under Section 503A

In addition, in the mitochondria, it is a cofactor of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase, the enzyme that catalyses the reversible isomerization of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA, an essential intermediate in the citric acid cycle (TCA, Krebs cycle)

Furthermore, this review addresses safety concerns and emerging approaches, such as the use of nanoparticles, to mitigate adverse effects, demonstrating a balanced and holistic perspective

However, it is important to note that glutathione skin whitening treatment may not suit everyone