glutathione and niacin for parkinsons's Central nervous system uptake of intranasal in Parkinson's disease Enhanced accumulation of reduced glutathione

4.1 Bioavailability of polyphenols encapsulated in liposomes or NPs and their functional impact Encapsulation is a delivery mechanism that incorporates bioactive compounds, such as drugs or food ingredients, into carrier systems (108)

Complex interactions exist between dietary factors, the gut microbiome, and genetic susceptibility

For example, ferumoxytol can selectively kill leukaemia cells with low FPN expression while exhibiting low toxicity to normal hematopoietic cells, demonstrating its potential for targeted leukaemia therapy [140]

NADPH depletion and accumulation of disulfides causes disulfide stress, and then this stress activates some signaling pathways, leading to aberrant disulphide bonds and disulfidptosis in actin cytoskeleton [6]