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In late-stage CKD, ferroptosis and necroptosis form a positive feedback loop: ferroptosis-derived DAMPs (e.g., HMGB1) activate RIPK3MLKL signaling, while necroptosis releases labile iron, further fueling ferroptosis

Lack of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase-1 accelerates atherosclerosis in diabetic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice

(1) The peptide is posited to modulate a coordinated network of matrix degradation and synthesis, possibly by concurrently upregulating collagen, glycosaminoglycans, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)

Molina-Vega M, Picn-Csar MJ, Gutirrez-Repiso C, Fernndez-Valero A, Lima-Rubio F, Gonzlez-Romero S, et al