glutamine glutathione depletion Consequences of for the organism (modified from Proposed Mechanism of Action for

Improved tools to study astrocytes

68 It further suggests that unlike GI side effects of metformin which can be readily identified, early vitamin B 12 deficiency is asymptomatic and hence unlikely to be diagnosed

Inflammopharmacology 28:12231235

Types of Iron Infusion Available Venofer (Iron Sucrose) Typically given in multiple smaller doses (e.g., once or twice a week for several weeks) Each session usually lasts 3060 minutes Effective for gradually restoring iron levels Well-studied and widely used in Canada Monoferric (Monofer, Ferric Derisomaltose) Newer iron formulation that allows for a single high-dose infusion (sometimes 1,0001,500 mg in one visit) Reduces the need for multiple clinic appointments Infusion takes about 3060 minutes under medical supervision Especially helpful for patients who want convenience or need quick correction of low iron Benefits of IV Iron Therapy Improves energy and reduces fatigue Supports healthy red blood cell production Enhances focus, mood, and concentration Corrects iron deficiency more quickly than oral supplements Most patients notice improved energy and well-being within days to weeks after treatment