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The ultimate goal is to create a more holistic research pipeline where the model can simultaneously elucidate the complex pathophysiology of liver diseases, identify and validate the mechanistic basis of phytochemical efficacy, and provide early, reliable insights into pharmacokinetics and safety

This interaction promotes M2 macrophage polarization, enhancing pro-tumorigenic phenotypes ( 4.3 Macrophage-ferroptosis immunometabolism Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and ferroptotic cancer cells engage in a highly integrated, bidirectional metabolic dialogue that shapes immune outcomes and determines tumor ( + , increased transferrin receptor (TfR1) expression, and restricted ferroportin activity, thereby enriching the tumor microenvironment (TME) with redox-active iron ( Ferroptotic cancer cells reciprocally influence macrophage states by releasing DAMPs (HMGB1), oxidized phosphatidylethanolamines (SAPE-OOH), iron-loaded vesicles, and lipid peroxidation products that serve as signals to recruit, polarize, or reprogram macrophages ( Figure 5

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Es ist auch wichtig fr die normale Funktion des Nervensystems und der psychischen Funktion