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For example, the activity of a protein and/or one or more natural binding partners can be determined by: detecting induction of a second messenger in the cell (e.g., intracellular signaling), detecting catalytic/enzymatic activity of an appropriate substrate, detecting induction of a reporter gene comprising a target reactive regulatory element operably linked to a nucleic acid encoding a detectable marker (e.g., chloramphenicol acetyl transferase), or detecting a cellular response regulated by a protein and/or one or more natural binding partners

Peptides is a broad category, and different clinics use the term very differently

ACG clinical guideline: management of Crohns disease in adults

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